Process for electric welding.



P. A. E. ARMSTRONG.

PROCESS FOR ELECTRIC WELDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-23,1915.

' Patented Oct. 2, 1917.

. 8 IVTOR I I BY PM 6M. ATTORNEYS .ganese steel, the deposited metal, while still I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. rEncir a; E. ARMSTRONG, or LYORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR- T-OWALTER L. cLAEx ARTHUR. H. ADAMs-AcoPAETN EsHIP UNDER THE NAME or THE Quasi-1E0 com- PANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

rnoc ss FOR ELECTRIC. WELDING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oat. 2, 1917'.

Application ma arm. 23, 1915. Serial No. 16,435.

To all whom it may Concetta:

* Be it known that I, PnnorA. E. ARM- STRONG, of New York, in the county of New York and in the State of New York, have invented a certain. new and useful Improvement imjProcesses for Electric Welding, and

do. hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Myiinvention relates to processes, in which an electric current is employed to fuse a manganese steel upon manganese steel which has been heat-treated that the metal being deposited shall also'beheat-treated.

In the accompanying drawing,

The figure shows a form of apparatus be-v ing used in the practice of my said process.

In depositing manganese steel upon manganese steel which has been heat-treated, it is frequently found that the original metal cracks soon after the deposit upon it of the fused metal, due to the heat being absorbed upon one face quicker than another, wh1ch sets up internal strains in the body which have the effect of making cracks appear. Further, the deposited metalitself is frequently cracked, owing to thefact that the deposited metal has cooled or partly cooled prior to the appearance of the'cracks and is unable to accommodate itself to the movement producing the cracks.

To overcome these diificulties, I-have conceived the idea of heat-treating the deposited metal a s it is deposited and preventing the heat therefrom being transmitted to the casting. As is well known, manganese steel is made very tough and a high degree of tensile strength 1s developed in it by means of heat-treating; that is, by heating it to a red heat and cooling in water, preferably very cold water. According to my lnvention, considered in its specific aspect as being applied to manwith the result ,of.

upper sur ace, as seen in the at a red heat, is' cooled by means of a stream stream of cold water,

Oi fluid, preferably heat-treatin g the deposited metal and preventing the heat therefromibeing transmitted into the casting. I find that this prevents the cracking of the casting or other piece ofwork of mangabe deposited, each layer being partially heat-treated as deposited and being'thereby given. a high resistance-to shock and ten-.

sile strain.

My process can be praptised'without the use of special apparatus, andin its simplest form it is only necessary to apply ater to the deposited metal as it is being deposited. It is more effective, however, toforce the water upon the deposited metal in the form of a spray by means of compressed -'air.

This 'is more beneficial than merely to use water at less velocity, because each drop of water is thrown upon the surface with suf- 'nese steel upon which the metal is 'beingdeposited,- and it enables layer upon-layer to ficient force to prevent the formation of a steam layer and it thereby more effectively acts upon the metal. I

I prefer to use electrodes consisting of a metal core having a'covering composed of a fusible slag so that the slag is melted and protects the molten metal fromatmospheric action.

In the accompanying-drawing I have shown such an electrode. -'-consisting of a metal core 1, having aslag covering 2. As

a means for applying wat'erto the deposited metal, Ilrave shown a water pipe 3 having an inclined, tapering nozzle 4, and an air pipe 5 having a tapering end 6 within, and at the same inclination as the nozzle 4;, so

that the air will force the water out of the then ,raised so as to be out of actual contact with the work but in actual contact with the molten metal and slag'whichwere fused from theelectrode by the current, and then the electrode was moved gradually to the upon the right the water being sprayed deposited metal at the same time. he slag only floats upon the top of the deposited metal .and' protects it from the atmosphere, and

the water quickly cools and solidifies both the deposited metal and the slag. I find that this water treatment renders it easier to remove the slag from'the deposited metal when the latter has cooled.

While I have illustrated my process by the best manner of practising the same known to me, and by the use of the most,

efiective and convenient apparatus for that purpose, which I have devised, I :wish it to be understood that I claim the practising of my process for any purpose and with any materials to which it is applicable, and that I regard my illustrated apparatus as typlcal whlch can be used for that purpose.

My invention not only contemplates the use of an electrode having a manganese steel core, but of an electrode having -a steel or manganese steel core, and havin manganesein the insulating coating thereo -This latter form of an electrode is the subject of a separate application for patent.

I claim:

. 1. The process of depositing metal by means of an electric current, which coniprises connecting the work and ametal electrode with opposite poles of a source of. electricity, said electrode being coatediwith in; sulating material that is adapted to act as a slag when fused, causing the current to flow between. the end of the electrode and the work, forming moltenmetal', and maintaining theelectrode in actual touch with the molten metal, but out of actual contact with the work, and cooling the deposited metal as it is deposited,-by'the application of a cooling fluid thereto. 1 v

2. The process of depositing metal by means of an electric current, which comprises connecting the work and a metal electrode with opposite poles of a source of electricity, said electrode being coated-with insulating material that is adapted'to act as a slag when fused, causing the current to flow tween the end of the electrode and the 'work, forming molten metal, and maintaining the electrode in actual touch with the molten metal, but out of actual contact with the work, and cooling the deposited vmetal as itis deposited, by the application of water thereto. l 3. The process of depositing metal. by

'means of an electric current," which comprises connecting the work and a metal electrode with opposite poles of a source of electricity, said electrode being coated with insulating material that is adapted to act as a slag when fused, causing the current to tween the end of the electrode and the work, forming molten metal, and main- 'taining thvel ectrode ,in actual touch with themolten metal, but out of actual contact of many possible forms of apparatus:

with the work, and cooling the deposited metal as it is deposited, by the application "of a forceful spray of water thereto.

4. The process of depositing metal by means of an electric current comprising connecting the work and an electrode with opposite poles of'a source of electricity and melting said electrode, and applying to the deposited metal a fluid adapted to change its character.

5. The process of depositing-manganese steel upon a'body of metal which consists in melting said steel at a high temperature and depositing it upon said body of metal, and immediately cooling the deposited metal by applying a cooling agent thereto. 1

6. The process of depositing manganese steel upon work consisting of manganese steel, by means of an electric current, which comprises connecting the work and'an electrode with opposite poles of a source of electricity, said electrode bein coated with insulating material'that is a apted to act as a slag when fused, said electrode comprising steel and manganese, melting the electrode and thus depositing manganese steel upon the work, and applying a cooling fluid to the deposited metal.

7. The process of depositin manganese steel upon, work consisting o manganese steel, by means of an electric current, which comprises connecting the work and an electrode with opposite poles of a source of electricity, said electrode being coated with insulating material that is adapted to act as a slag when fused, said electrode comprising steel and manganese, melting the electfode' and thus depositing manganese steel upon the work and applying cooling water-to the deposited metal.

8. The-process of depositing manganese steel upon work consistin of manganese steel, by means of an electric current, which comprises connecting the work and an electrode with opposite poles of a source of electricity, said electrode being coated with insulatin material that is adapted to act as a slag w en fused, said electrode comprising steel and manganese, melting the electrode/ the work and applying cooling water by meansof a jet of compressed air to the deposited metal. I

1,241,coo\ s I v 10. The process of depositing manganese steel by means of an electric current which consists in connecting the work and an electrode containing manganese steel, with 'opposite poles of a source of electricity, melting'the electrode upon the work, and applying a cooling fluid to the deposited metal 11. The process of depositing a metal by means of an electric current which consists in connecting the work and an electrode containing such-metal with opposite poles of a source 'of electricity, melting the electrode upon the work, and applying a cooling agent to the deposited metal.

r 12. The process of depositing a metal of 15 high fusing point which consists in melting the same upon the work, and applying a cooling agent to the deposited metal. In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand. PERCY A. E. ARMSTRONG. Witnesses: I

MARIAN I. DEMPSEY, J. FREUDENVOLL. 

